Speech, language and communication

Speech, language and communication help children express themselves, understand others and build relationships. Every child develops these skills in their own way. The meaning of these terms:

• speech is how we make and use sound to vocalise or talk
• language is the system of words, signs or symbols we use to share meaning. It includes understanding what others say (receptive language) and expressing ourselves (expressive language)
• communication is how we send and receive messages. It involves 2 or more people sharing information, feelings or ideas

Language can be spoken, written, or visual (like signing, gestures, pointing and symbols).

Communication starts from birth and develops over time.

Speech, language and communication needs (SLCN)

Communication is complex and some children can find it difficult.

If a child has difficulty with speech, language or communication. it may be described as having SLCN.

Children with SLCN may find it harder to:

• ask for help or express their needs
• share likes and dislikes
• make choices
• build relationships

Adults play a key role in helping children develop these skills.

Information about typical communication development is available online:

• CBeebies Parenting website
• Ages and stages on the Speech and Language UK website